Spatial Crime Pattern Visualization and Monitoring System for Jolo, Sulu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65339/ijggsd.V1.I1.29Keywords:
Crime Mapping, Crime Monitoring, Geographic Information Systems, Jolo Sulu, Public Safety, Spatial Crime Patterns, Web-Based SystemAbstract
This study aimed to design and develop a Spatial Crime Pattern Visualization and Monitoring System for Jolo, Sulu, to improve crime record management, geographical visualization, and public safety monitoring. Guided by the Input-Process-Output framework, the study employed the Agile Software Development Life Cycle. Data were gathered through interviews, surveys, observations, and document reviews involving local authorities, law enforcement personnel, and community members in Jolo, Sulu. Crime records were analyzed descriptively according to location, category, and reporting period, while functional testing and user acceptance evaluation assessed system performance. The developed web-based system integrated centralized crime records, role-based access, interactive mapping, monitoring dashboards, search and filtering, and report generation. All ten evaluated system functions passed functional testing, demonstrating compliance with specified requirements. User acceptance findings indicated generally favorable perceptions, particularly regarding the clarity of geographical crime visualization. The study concluded that the system provides a functional platform for organizing crime information, examining spatial distributions, and supporting informed public safety decisions. Pilot implementation, strengthened data security, regular maintenance, and further operational evaluation are recommended. The study was limited to prototype development and testing within selected areas of Jolo, with effectiveness dependent on accurate and complete incident records. Its principal contribution is an integrated geographical crime monitoring platform that supports institutional information management, evidence-informed law enforcement planning, and community safety initiatives.
References
Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x
Basri, A.-A., Madzrikhan, P. R., & Nurhasan, A. J. (2026). Spatial crime pattern visualisation for Jolo, Sulu: Conceptual framework [Unpublished capstone research].
Brantingham, P. L., & Brantingham, P. J. (1993). Nodes, paths and edges: Considerations on the complexity of crime and the physical environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13(1), 3–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80212-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80212-9
Ceccato, V., & Ioannidis, I. (2025). Using remote sensing data in urban crime analysis: A systematic review of English-language literature from 2003 to 2023. International Criminal Justice Review, 35(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241237960 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241237960
Chainey, S., & Ratcliffe, J. (2005). GIS and crime mapping. John Wiley & Sons. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118685181
Chainey, S., Tompson, L., & Uhlig, S. (2008). The utility of hotspot mapping for predicting spatial patterns of crime. Security Journal, 21(1–2), 4–28. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.sj.8350066 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.sj.8350066
Clarke, R. V., & Eck, J. E. (2005). Crime analysis for problem solvers in 60 small steps. Center for Problem-Oriented Policing.
Cohen, L. E., & Felson, M. (1979). Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach. American Sociological Review, 44(4), 588–608. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094589 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2094589
Eck, J. E., Chainey, S., Cameron, J. G., Leitner, M., & Wilson, R. E. (2005). Mapping crime: Understanding hot spots. National Institute of Justice. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/209393.pdf
Esri. (n.d.). Hot spot analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) (Spatial Statistics). ArcGIS Pro documentation. https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/spatial-statistics/hot-spot-analysis.htm
Getis, A., & Ord, J. K. (1992). The analysis of spatial association by use of distance statistics. Geographical Analysis, 24(3), 189–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x
International Organization for Standardization & International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC). (2023). Systems and software engineering—Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE)—Product quality model (ISO/IEC 25010:2023). https://www.iso.org/standard/78176.html
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2024). The NIST cybersecurity framework (CSF) 2.0 (NIST CSWP 29). https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.29 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.CSWP.29
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2025). Digital identity guidelines (NIST SP 800-63-4). https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-63-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-63-4
Nielsen, J. (1994). Usability engineering. Morgan Kaufmann. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-052029-2.50009-7
OWASP Foundation. (2023). OWASP API security top 10—2023. https://owasp.org/API-Security/editions/2023/en/0x00-header/
Republic of the Philippines. (2012). Republic Act No. 10173: Data Privacy Act of 2012. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2012/08/15/republic-act-no-10173/
Turchan, B., & Braga, A. A. (2024). The effects of hot spots policing on violence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2024.102011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2024.102011
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2024). The sustainable development goals report 2024. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2024/
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023). Global study on homicide 2023. United Nations. https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/gsh/2023/Global_study_on_homicide_2023_web.pdf
Vilalta, C. (2026). Crime hotspots as inferential claims: A systematic review in hotspotting studies (2000–2026). Evidence Base. https://doi.org/10.1080/30679125.2026.2729809 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/30679125.2026.2729809
Weisburd, D. (2015). The law of crime concentration and the criminology of place. Criminology, 53(2), 133–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12070 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12070
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Al-aziz A. Basri, Madzrikhan R. Piddih, Nurhasan J. Asmad, Junjun G. Sakiran, MIT (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication. All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. This license permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and the journal, a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated.
