Predictive Role of Measuring Skills, Teaching Quality and Attitudes Towards Culinary Learning on Procedural Skills in Bread and Pastry Production

Authors

  • Mayelle C. Atasan Master of Arts in Home Economics, Graduate Studies, Lourdes College, Inc., Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines Author
  • Raquel A. Saab, DM Lourdes College, Inc. Gen. Capistrano St. Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.V1.I4.288

Keywords:

Attitudes Toward Culinary Learning, Bread and Pastry Production, Culinary Education, Measuring Skills, Procedural Skills, Teaching Quality

Abstract

The development of procedural skills is fundamental in culinary education, particularly in Bread and Pastry Production (BPP) under the Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) curriculum. However, limited empirical evidence has examined how teaching quality, attitudes toward culinary learning, and measuring skills relate to procedural skills among junior high school learners. This quantitative descriptive-correlational study examined the relationships and predictive contributions of teaching quality, attitudes toward culinary learning, and measuring skills to the procedural skills. Procedural skills were assessed in terms of preparation, production, and presentation. The participants consisted of 90 Grade 9 and Grade 10 students enrolled in one of the public secondary schools in the district of Salay, Misamis Oriental, during the school year 2025–2026. Total enumeration sampling was used. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire and the TESDA Self-Assessment Guide for Bread and Pastry Production. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses were used. The findings showed that teaching quality was rated very high, while attitudes toward culinary learning were reported high. Measuring skills and overall procedural skills were also rated very high. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships among all three predictor variables and procedural skills. However, regression analysis indicated that teaching quality and attitudes toward culinary learning were significant predictors, whereas measuring skills did not significantly contribute uniquely to procedural skills. These findings highlight the importance of effective instruction and positive learning attitudes in culinary education. Future studies may include diverse learners from multiple schools and use interviews, observations, or longitudinal designs.

Views: 0Downloads: 0

References

Ali, M. F., Ali, N., Khan, Z., & Nabolaniwaqa, S. (2024). Exploring the determinants of students’ attitudes towards technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in Western Fiji. Indiana Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(11), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14160191

Amdur, R. J., & Bankert, E. A. (2011). Institutional review board member handbook (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Arida, G. C. (2023). Visualization techniques in enhancing the learner’s skills performance in bread and pastry production. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 10(5), 511–520. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8126228

Asher, R. C., Jakstas, T., Lavelle, F., Wolfson, J. A., Rose, A., Bucher, T., Dean, M., Duncanson, K., van der Horst, K., Schonberg, S., Slater, J., Compton, L., Giglia, R., Fordyce-Voorham, S., Collins, C. E., & Shrewsbury, V. A. (2022). Development of the Cook-Ed™ Matrix to guide food and cooking skill selection in culinary education programs that target diet quality and health. Nutrients, 14(9), Article 1778. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091778 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091778

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.

Bessette, G. K., Tung, A. H., Lo, C. L. W., Yang, S. K. Y., Yang, A., Gucciardi, E., Newsham, A., & Omand, J. A. (2026). Impact of immersive short-term cooking programs outside of the school curriculum on the cooking skills and cooking self-efficacy of children and adolescents: A systematic review. Nutrition Reviews, Article nuag034. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuag034 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuag034

Blömeke, S., Jentsch, A., Ross, N., Kaiser, G., & König, J. (2022). Opening up the black box: Teacher competence, instructional quality, and students’ learning progress. Learning and Instruction, 79, Article 101600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2022.101600 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2022.101600

Burlaza, J. B., & Visaya, A. C. (2026). Experiential learning strategies in Philippine cookery education: A qualitative study on engagement and skill mastery. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies, 6(2), 381–385. https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049X.2026.6.2.5971 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049X.2026.6.2.5971

Chen, K.-W., & Wang, Z.-Y. (2023). Online flipped learning methods for teaching hospitality skills and management practices in an epidemic situation: A study on learning attitude and effectiveness. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 915992. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915992 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915992

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Dapčević-Hadnađev, T., Tomić, J., Škrobot, D., Šarić, B., & Hadnađev, M. (2022). Processing strategies to improve the breadmaking potential of whole-grain wheat and non-wheat flours. Discover Food, 2(1), Article 11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44187-022-00012-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44187-022-00012-w

Darling-Hammond, L., Hyler, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Effective teacher professional development. Learning Policy Institute. https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/effective-teacher-professional-development-report DOI: https://doi.org/10.54300/122.311

Data Privacy Act of 2012, Republic Act No. 10173 (2012). https://officialgazette.gov.ph/2012/08/15/republic-act-no-10173/

Dean, M., O’Kane, C., Issartel, J., McCloat, A., Mooney, E., Gaul, D., Wolfson, J. A., & Lavelle, F. (2021). Guidelines for designing age-appropriate cooking interventions for children: The development of evidence-based cooking skill recommendations for children, using a multidisciplinary approach. Appetite, 161, Article 105125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105125 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105125

Department of Education. (2016). K to 12 basic education curriculum: Home economics—Bread and pastry production (NC II) curriculum guide. https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Bread-and-Pastry-NC-II-CG.pdf

Department of Education. (2022, January 11). Bread and pastry production – NC II [Curriculum guide resource record]. https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/15824

Engida, M. A., Iyasu, A. S., & Fentie, Y. M. (2024). Impact of teaching quality on student achievement: Student evidence. Frontiers in Education, 9, Article 1367317. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1367317 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1367317

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: A simple guide and reference (14th ed.). Routledge.

Godefroidt, T., Riley, I. M., Ooms, N., Bosmans, G. M., Brijs, K., & Delcour, J. A. (2023). Sucrose substitution in cake systems is not a piece of cake. npj Science of Food, 7, Article 52. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-023-00225-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-023-00225-y

Hoover, E. R., Masters, M., Johnson, J., McKelvey, W., Hedeen, N., Ripley, D., & Brown, L. (2023). Restaurant and staff characteristics related to practices that could contribute to cross-contamination. Journal of Food Protection, 86(12), Article 100182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100182 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100182

Imran Hossain, N. M., Jony, M. E., Emon, S. R., Sifat, N. I., Rahman, M. A., Shomrat, M. G. M., & Jony, M. M. A. (2025). University student’s knowledge, practices, and perceptions of food packaging labels in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. Food Science & Nutrition, 13(7), Article e70567. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70567 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70567

İşeri, C., & Ekincek, S. (2025). Plating the design: A systematic review of plate presentation in gastronomy. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 42, Article 101379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2025.101379 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2025.101379

Ko, W.-H., & Lu, M.-Y. (2023). A model to establish a zero food waste competence scale for hospitality students. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 32, Article 100422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2023.100422 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2023.100422

Koerich, G. H., Ferreira, F. A., da Silva, J. A. C. A., & Catapan, A. H. (2024). Learning experiences in the culinary classroom: Identifying barriers and enablers in the practical teaching–learning process in gastronomy. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 35, Article 100508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2024.100508 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2024.100508

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice-Hall.

Lee, Y., & Lee, B. (2023). Effects of learning motivation (ARCS) on learning attitudes of cooking students. Journal of the Health Care and Life Science, 11(1), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.22961/JHCLS.2023.11.1.079

Limon, M. R. (2022). Assessing knowledge and skills retention of junior high school students on food safety lessons using modified Kirkpatrick’s model. Food Control, 135, Article 108814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108814 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108814

Lins, M. F. C., Botelho, R. B. A., Romão, B., Torres, M. L., Guimarães, N. S., & Zandonadi, R. P. (2024). Assessment of validated instruments for measuring cooking skills in adults: A scoping review. Foods, 13(23), Article 3933. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233933 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233933

Lu, M.-Y., & Ko, W.-H. (2023). Sustainable preparation behavior for kitchen staff in order to limit food waste. Foods, 12(16), Article 3028. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12163028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12163028

Malaguit, C. C., & Briones, E. O. (2024). Games as motivating factor and students’ performance in bread and pastry production. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 19(9), 945–954. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11190422

Managbanag, M. A. M., & Andal, E. Z. (2024). Video tutorials and baking performance among Grade 10 students. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 23(8), 1072–1084. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13328879

Miranti, M. G., Talaperu, N. R. P., Pangesthi, L. T., Ahmi, H. N., & Ngelambong, A. (2026). Learning from CLT-informed interactive video: Cognitive performance and learning motivation in culinary education. International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education, 10(1), 158–168. https://doi.org/10.20961/ijpte.v10i1.113058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/ijpte.v10i1.113058

Mohd Fauzi, N. F., Md Sahak, A. A., Abdul Rahman, A. W., & Mohamad Dzoha, N. F. (2024). Culinary students’ perception toward teaching and practical learning process. Research and Innovation in Technical and Vocational Education and Training, 4(2), 149–157. https://doi.org/10.30880/ritvet.2024.04.02.018

OECD. (2021). Teachers and leaders in vocational education and training. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/59d4fbb1-en DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/59d4fbb1-en

Parenti, O., Guerrini, L., Mompin, S. B., Toldrà, M., & Zanoni, B. (2021). The determination of bread dough readiness during kneading of wheat flour: A review of the available methods. Journal of Food Engineering, 309, Article 110692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110692

Pelpinosas, V. I. J., & Saab, R. A. (2025). Quality of teacher instruction, laboratory learning environment and student engagement in food waste management: Implications on the students’ key skills in bread and pastry production. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 12(5), 398–408. https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2025.120500033 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2025.120500033

Polachini, T. C., Norwood, E.-A., Le-Bail, P., & Le-Bail, A. (2023). Post-sprouting thermal treatment of green barley malt to produce functional clean-label ingredients: Impact on fermentation, bread-making properties and bread quality. Food Research International, 167, Article 112696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112696 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112696

Qian, M., Liu, D., Zhang, X., Yin, Z., Ismail, B. B., Ye, X., & Guo, M. (2021). A review of active packaging in bakery products: Applications and future trends. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 114, 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.009

Downloads

Published

2026-11-14

How to Cite

Atasan, M. C., & Saab, R. A. (2026). Predictive Role of Measuring Skills, Teaching Quality and Attitudes Towards Culinary Learning on Procedural Skills in Bread and Pastry Production. International Journal of Sustainable and Integrated Studies, 1(4), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.V1.I4.288

Similar Articles

201-210 of 256

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.